In the use of counterbalance forklift truck, it is inevitable that there will be one or another fault, which will have a great impact on the labor intensity of drivers, transportation efficiency, forklift technical conditions and driving safety. How to minimize or avoid failures and eliminate hidden dangers of accidents is a problem that forklift drivers and enterprise managers are more concerned about and value. The normal and timely maintenance of forklifts can make these equipments obtain the longest service life.
Forklift fault diagnosis refers to a technique of quickly checking the technical condition of the faulty forklift, diagnosing the fault location and determining the cause of the fault without dismantling (or only dismantling some accessories). It is an important part of the forklift use and maintenance technology. . Mastering the method of forklift fault diagnosis, quickly and accurately determining and eliminating forklift faults has certain significance for improving the power, economy and reliability of forklifts.
Under certain conditions, various instruments and meters can be used for scientific diagnosis and verification. For general conditions, traditional methods can be used, that is, according to the appearance characteristics of the fault (operating conditions), temperature, noise, appearance and odor), as well as sudden changes in operating conditions, overheating, leakage, smoke color, fuel and lubricating oil consumption. , see, touch, smell and other methods to observe and feel. Enlarge or temporarily disappear individual symptoms for intuitive diagnosis. According to the timing of the appearance of abnormal noise, the speed of rotation speed, the level of speed, the quality of lubrication, the size of the sound, the degree of vibration, etc., the special change law is analyzed. After mastering the first-hand information of the fault symptoms, according to the structural principle of the forklift, from the simple to the complex, from the outside to the inside, a careful analysis is carried out systematically and step by step. Especially in use, faults will occur, which requires the driver to diagnose the fault. The driver usually adopts the intuitive diagnosis that is recommended and feasible, that is, through seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and testing the fault phenomenon and characteristics. Analysis to determine the fault. Remove hidden troubles found in time to avoid forklift failures due to quality reasons such as natural wear, fatigue damage, aging and deterioration. According to the service life of each part of the forklift and the fatigue and wear degree of the parts during use, the loose state of the bolts, the change of the matching clearance and other actual conditions, take measures to check, adjust and tighten in time, or replace the parts in time to eliminate the failure. Hidden dangers, to prevent problems before they occur.
The common diagnosis method of forklift failure is intuitive diagnosis. Its characteristic is that it does not need scientific means such as testing instruments, equipment and tools, but relies on human eyes, ears, mouth, nose, tongue and hands to diagnose faults. Of course, its diagnostic accuracy depends to a large extent on the technical level of the diagnostic staff. Usually forklift drivers use this method when they encounter a fault. When diagnosing, the following methods are used to first find out the symptoms of the fault, then from the simple to the complex, from the outside to the inside, and gradually in-depth, carry out reasoning analysis, and finally make a judgment.
1. First question: It is an investigation to find out the technical status of the forklift, the signs of failure, whether the failure is a sudden change or a gradual change, etc.
2. Second question: It is observation, such as observing the exhaust color of the forklift, and then analyzing it in combination with other conditions to diagnose its working condition.
3. Three listening: It is to judge the sound of the forklift by hearing, so as to determine which are abnormal noises and how they are formed.
4. Four smells: Diagnose the fault by the abnormal smell that occurs at the fault location. Such as burning burnt smell, abnormal burning smell, etc.
5. Five touches: directly touch the temperature, vibration, etc. of the parts that may cause faults with hands, so as to judge whether the fit is seized or not, whether the bearings are too tight, etc., to judge whether the work is normal.
6. Sixth test: It is the test verification. For example, the diagnostic personnel can test the car to experience the faulty part, and can use the replacement parts method to confirm the faulty part, and sometimes can combine the road test to judge the fault.
The above forklift maintenance quick fault diagnosis methods should be used flexibly according to different faults and specific situations.